Cuestionario Revisado de Personalidad de Eysenck (versión reducida): análisis con la teoría de respuesta al ítem / Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (Brief Version): Analysis with Item Response Theory

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo es aportar nuevas evidencias de calidad psicométrica para la adaptación argentina de la versión reducida del Cuestionario de Personalidad de Eysenck (EPQ-RS). Participaron 1136 personas de población general (52.5% femenino, edad media = 29.6 años, DE = 11.9) residentes en Buenos Aires, Argentina. La adaptación argentina se compone de 42 ítems con formato de respuesta dicotómica. Se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio a partir de la matriz de correlaciones tetracóricas. Esto permitió replicar la estructura propuesta por Eysenck para el modelo PEN (Psicoticismo-Extraversión-Neuroticismo) y la escala Sinceridad. Posteriormente, se ajustó el modelo logístico de dos parámetros por separado para los ítems de cada escala. Los ítems no mostraron funcionamiento diferencial según género. La discriminación de los ítems resultó moderada-alta. Los parámetros b se localizaron en rangos acotados de cada uno de los rasgos medidos, lo que originó que la precisión de las escalas varíe en el recorrido de los continuos. La escala Neuroticismo aporta más información en niveles medios del rasgo, Psicoticismo en los medio-bajos y Extraversión en los medio-altos. La escala Sinceridad mostró una función de información relativamente plana en todo el recorrido del rasgo. Se brindan evidencias de validez basadas en la relación con otras pruebas que miden facetas del neuroticismo y sintomatología. Las evidencias de validez y confiabilidad obtenidas ofrecen garantías de calidad suficientes para la aplicación de este instrumento en el contexto local y confirman la vigencia del modelo teórico que operacionaliza el EPQ-RS.

Abstract The aim of this work is to provide new evidence of psychometric quality for the Argentinean adaptation of the brief version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-RS). 1136 people from the general population (52.5% female, mean age = 29.6 years, SD = 11.9) residing in Buenos Aires, Argentina participated. The Argentinean adaptation consists of 42 items with dichotomous response format. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed from the tetrachoric correlation matrix. This allowed replicating the structure proposed by Eysenck for the PEN model (Psychoticism - Extroversion - Neuroticism) and the Lie scale. Subsequently, the two-parameter logistic model was adjusted separately for the items of each scale. The items did not show differential functioning by gender. Items discrimination was moderate-high. Parameters b were located in narrow ranges of each one of the measured traits, which caused the precision of the scales to vary along the trait continuums. The Neuroticism scale provides more information at medium levels of the trait, Psychoticism in the medium-low and Extraversion in the medium-high. The Lie scale showed a relatively flat information function throughout the trait. Evidence of validity based on the relationship with other tests that measure facets of neuroticism and symptomatology is provided. The evidence of validity and reliability obtained offers sufficient quality guarantees for the application of this instrument in the local context and confirms topicality of the theoretical model that operationalizes the EPQ-RS.

Progress of Keystroke Dynamics in Deception Research / 法医学杂志

Traditional polygraph techniques mostly rely on the changes of an individual's physiological indicators, such as electrodermal activity, heart rate, breath, eye movement and function of neural signals and other indicators. They are easily affected by individual physical conditions, counter-tests, external environment and other aspects, and it is difficult to conduct large-scale screening tests based on the traditional polygraph techniques. The application of keystroke dynamics to polygraph can overcome the shortcomings of the traditional polygraph techniques to a large extend, increase the reliability of polygraph results and promote the validity of legal evidence of polygraph results in forensic practice. This paper introduces keystroke dynamics and its application in deception research. Compared with the traditional polygraph techniques, keystroke dynamics can be used with a relatively wider application range, not only for deception research but also for identity identification, network screening and other large-scale tests. At the same time, the development direction of keystroke dynamics in the field of polygraph is prospected.

Efectividad del cono LEEP en pacientes con lesiones intraepiteliales de alto grado en la Unidad de colposcopia del Servicio de Ginecología del Hospital de la Mujer / Effectiveness of the LEEP cone in patients with high-grade intraepithelial injuries in the colposcopy Unit of the Gynecology Service of La Mujer Hospital

OBJETIVO. Determinar la efectividad del CONO LEEP en pacientes con lesión intraepitelial de Alto Grado (LIE AG). MATERIAL Y MÉTODO. Estudio de tipo descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal que incluyo a 68 pacientes quienes fueron sometidas a CONO LEEP por lesiones intraepiteliales de alto grado en el año 2014 en la unidad de colposcopia del Hospital de la Mujer. Se analizó la efectividad a través de la persistencia y/o recidiva de los controles posteriores en el año 2015. RESULTADOS. 33 pacientes realizaron control PAP posterior al CONO LEEP siendo el resultado citológico negativo para lesión intraepitelial más frecuente llegando a un porcentaje de 91% (30 pacientes). Se identificó que el 9% (3 pacientes) presento persistencia al tratamiento con CONO LEEP. CONCLUSIONES. El estudio determino la efectividad del procedimiento en las pacientes que acudieron a control citológico, se estimó en 91 %, lo cual demuestra que la conización es un método de ALTA EFECTIVIDAD con un 9% de persistencia encontrándose en los rangos esperados de persistencia de la NIC que es entre el 5 y el 17% de acuerdo a protocolos de Brasil, México y España.

OBJETIVE. To determine the effectiveness of the LEEP CONE in patients with High Grade Intraepithelial Lesion (HLL). MATERIAL AND METHOD. A descriptive, retrospective and crosssectional study that included 68 patients who underwent LEEP CONE for high-grade intraepithelial lesions in 2014 in the colposcopy unit of La Mujer Hospital. The effectiveness was analyzed through the persistence and / or recurrence of subsequent controls in 2015. RESULTS. 33 patients underwent PAP control after the LEEP CONE, the cytological result being negative for the most frequent intraepithelial lesion, reaching a percentage of 91% (30 patients). It was identified that 9% (3 patients) presented persistence to treatment with LEEP CONE. CONCLUSIONS. The study determined the effectiveness of the procedure in patients who attended cytological control, it was estimated at 91%, which shows that conization is a HIGH EFFECTIVENESS method with a 9% persistence, being in the expected ranges of persistence of the NIC which is between 5 and 17% according to the protocols of Brazil, Mexico and Spain.

Application of Eye Tracker in Lie Detection / 法医学杂志

Objective To investigate the application value of eye tracking in lie detection. Methods The 40 subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The pupil diameter, fixation duration, points of fixation and blink frequency of the subjects in the experimental group in observing target stimulation and non-target stimulation were recorded with eye tracker after they accomplished the mock crime. The eye movement parameters of subjects in the control group were directly collected. The differences in eye movement parameters of the experimental group and the control group in observing target stimulation and non-target stimulation were analyzed by t-test. Pearson coefficient analysis of correlation between eye movement parameters that had differences was conducted. The effectiveness of eye movement parameters to distinguish between the experimental group and the control group was calculated by the receiver operator characteristic （ROC） curve. Results Participants from the experimental group had shorter average pupil diameter, longer average fixation duration and fewer fixation points （P<0.05）, but the differences in blink frequency had no statistical significance. The differences in the above indicators of the control group in observing target stimulation and non-target stimulation had no statistical significance. The average fixation duration showed a negative correlation with fixation points （r=-0.255, P<0.05）; the average fixation duration showed a negative correlation with average pupil diameter （r=-0.218, P<0.05）; the fixation points showed a positive correlation with average pupil diameter （r=0.09, P<0.05）. The area under the curve of average pupil diameter, average fixation duration and fixation points was 0.603, 0.621 and 0.580, respectively. Conclusion The average pupil diameter, average fixation duration and fixation points obtained by the eye tracker under laboratory conditions can be used to detect lies.

A mentira é mais interessante do que a verdade / The lie is more interesting than the truth / La mentira es más interesante que la verdad / Le mensonge est plus intéressant que la vérité

Refletindo acerca da transmissão, da comunicação e da escrita de um caso clínico, passando por elucubrações poéticas, pretende-se explorar as temáticas do contrassonho, da verdade e da mentira, enquanto elementos de trabalho no campo psicanalítico.

Reflecting on the transmission, communication and writing of a clinical case, through poetic elucubrations, we intend to explore the themes of counter-dream, truth and lies as elements of work in the psychoanalytic field.

Al reflexionar acerca de la transmisión, de la comunicación y de la escritura de un caso clínico, pasando por elucubraciones poéticas, se pretende explorar las temáticas del contra-sueño, de la verdad y de la mentira, como elementos de trabajo en el campo psicoanalítico.

En réfléchissant sur la transmission, la communication et la rédaction d'un cas clinique, à travers des élucubrations poétiques, nous avons l'intention d'explorer les thèmes du contre-rêve, de la vérité et du mensonge en tant qu'éléments de travail dans le champ psychanalytique.

Polygraph Accuracy of Control Question Test in Criminal Cases / 法医学杂志

Objective To explore polygraph accuracy of Control Question Test （CQT）and whether it could be influenced by examinee's education level and type of violation of law. Methods Real cases of CQT （n=104） and the data from MAO （n=296） were collected. The polygraph accuracy of CQT was calculated. Variance analysis on three groups of different education levels was used to compare their age, and then the chi-square test was employed to compare polygraph accuracy among the groups. Independent sample t test was used to compare the age of subjects in the two groups of different types of violation of law, and then chi-square test was used to compare the true positive rate and true negative rate of lie detection after integration. Results In CQT lie detection of criminal cases, the true positive rate was 87.00%, the false negative rate was 13.00%, the true negative rate was 82.20%, and the false positive rate was 17.80%. There was no statistical significance in the differences between the true positive rate and the true negative rate （P>0.05）. In CQT lie detection of the groups of different education levels, there was no statistical significance in the differences between the true positive rates （P>0.05） while the differences between the true negative rates had statistical significance （P<0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the differences of both the true positive rates and the true negative rates between the violent violation of law and non-violent violation of law （P>0.05）. Conclusion There is no significant difference between the efficiency of CQT lie detection of identifying criminals and excluding innocents. However, a comparatively high false positive rate and false negative rate still exist. The efficiency of CQT lie detection identifying criminals may not influenced by the examinee's education level and type of violation of law, but its efficiency of excluding innocents may be influenced by the examinee's education level.

Contribuição a uma teoria psicanalítica da mentira / Contribution to a psychoanalytic theory of the lie / Contribución a una teoría psicoanalítica de la mentira

A mentira, aspecto pouco edificante do psiquismo e tremendo obstáculo ao tratamento, também é, simultaneamente, uma capacidade psicológica à procura de um pensador. Um refúgio da mente. Uma função mental com um gradiente. Um elemento de vitalidade psíquica (Ogden). Uma possível conquista da análise

Lies, little edifying aspect of psychism and immense obstacle to treatment, is at the same time a psychological capacity in search of a thinker. A refuge of the mind. A mental function with a gradient. An element of psychic vitality (Ogden). A possible achievement of the analysis

La mentira, un aspecto poco edificante del psiquismo y un obstáculo formidable para el tratamiento, es también al mismo tiempo una capacidad psicológica en busca de un pensador. Un refugio de la mente. Una función mental con un gradiente. Un elemento de vitalidad psíquica (Ogden). Una posible conquista del análisis

Máquinas de escrever verdades e mentiras / Machines to write truths and lies / Máquinas de escribir verdades y mentiras

Examinando friamente, a capacidade de mentir é uma aquisição positiva da criança, que assim toma consciência da relativa autonomia de sua capacidade de pensar. O proton pseudos histérico, tal qual descrito por Freud no Projeto em 1895, insere-se nesta linha: mentira que, constituindo-se como sintoma, diz ao mesmo tempo a verdade do impacto do outro originário. O sujeito psicótico não dispõe desse luxo; seu delírio tenta, sem verdadeiro sucesso, dizer a verdade nua de sua experiência da alteridade. Por falta de uma mediação pela fantasia, o discurso assim exposto se torna delirante. A novela de Kafka Na colônia penal é citada para ilustrar que o corpo não pode ser traduzido, sem resíduo, em linguagem e que tentar inscrever a verdade no corpo não faz senão destruí-lo. É impossível pensar sem corpo, mas também não se pode pensar e dizer o corpo integralmente sem desnaturalizá-lo. O corpo impõe o recurso à analogia, que, sem ser uma mentira, também não é a pura verdade

Examining coldly, the ability to lie is a positive acquisition of the child, who thus becomes aware of the relative autonomy of its ability to think. The hysterical proton pseudos, as described by Freud in the Project in 1895, is inserted in this line: lies as symptom, at the same time tell the truth of the impact of the originary other. The psychotic subject does not have this luxury; his delusion tries, without real success, to tell the naked truth of the experience of otherness. Lacking mediation by phantasy, the discourse becomes delirious. Kafka's short story In the Penal Colony is quoted to illustrate that the body cannot be translated into language without residue, and that trying to inscribe the truth on to body does nothing but destroy it. It is impossible to think without body, however one also cannot think and say the body as a whole without denaturalizing it. The body imposes the use of analogy, which, although not being a lie, is not the truth either

Examinando fríamente, la capacidad de mentir es una adquisición positiva del niño, que así toma conciencia de la relativa autonomía de su capacidad de pensar. El proton pseudos histérico, como descrito por Freud en el Proyecto en 1895, se inserta en esta línea: mentira que, constituyéndose como síntoma, dice al mismo tiempo la verdad del impacto del otro originario. El sujeto psicótico no dispone de ese lujo; su delirio intenta, sin verdadero éxito, decir la verdad desnuda de su experiencia de la alteridad. Por falta de una mediación por la fantasía, el discurso así expuesto se vuelve delirante. El relato de Kafka En la colonia penal es citado para ilustrar que el cuerpo no puede ser traducido en lenguaje sin sobras; que intentar inscribir la verdad en el cuerpo no hace más que destruirlo. Es imposible pensar sin cuerpo, pero tampoco se puede pensar y decir el cuerpo integralmente sin desnaturalizarlo. El cuerpo impone el recurso a la analogía, que, sin ser una mentira, tampoco es la pura verdad

Verdade/mentira: nós e as trutas / Truth/lie: we and the trouts / Verdad/mentira: nosotros y las truchas

Neste trabalho, a autora parte da impossibilidade epistemológica de separar verdade de mentira, e se propõe, a partir do estudo de como se dá a percepção, questionar o conceito de objetividade e de acesso a verdades absolutas. São discutidos algumas diferenças entre mentiras constitutivas e mentiras com objetivo de manipulação do outro, e os aspectos éticos implicados na análise sobre verdade e mentira. Ao longo do texto, são colocadas reflexões que o tema suscitou em relação ao trabalho psicanalítico e à possibilidade de expansão dos conhecimentos psicanalíticos para além dos consultórios

In this paper, the author starts to delve into the epistemological impossibility of separating truth from lies and, by examining how perception occurs, questions the concepts of objectivity and access to absolute truth. Some differences between constitutive lies and manipulative lies are outlined, as well as the ethic elements involved in the discussion of truth and lie. Throughout the text, the author reflects upon the theme in relation to psychoanalytic work and to the possibility of expanding psychoanalytic knowledge beyond the offices

En este trabajo, la autora parte de la imposibilidad epistemológica de separar verdad de mentira y se propone, a partir del estudio de cómo se da la percepción, cuestionar el concepto de objetividad y de acceso a verdades absolutas. Se discuten algunas diferencias entre mentiras constitutivas y mentiras con objetivo de manipulación del otro, y los aspectos éticos implicados en el análisis sobre verdad y mentira. A lo largo del texto, se plantean reflexiones que el tema ha suscitado a respecto del trabajo psicoanalítico y de la posibilidad de expansión de los conocimientos más allá de los consultorios

Nada mais inconcebível / Nothing is more inconceivable / Nada más inconcebible

No texto a seguir, é feita uma aproximação entre as reflexões de Nietzsche a respeito das "verdades" que criamos em nossa busca de certezas nas mais diversas áreas do conhecimento e as ideias de Bion sobre a maneira como utilizamos a teoria para compreender o que está acontecendo com nosso paciente. A partir desse paralelo, são tecidos alguns comentários críticos sobre os diversos tipos de afirmativas presentes na prática psicanalítica e o papel do sonho e da arte na convergência entre os dois elementos do binômio verdade-mentira

In this text, an approximation is made between Nietzsche's reflections upon the truths we create in our search for certainties in the most diverse areas of knowledge and Bion's ideas on how we use theory to understand what is happening with our patients. From this parallel, some critical comments on the various types of statements present in psychoanalytic practice and the role of dream and art in the confluence of the two elements of the binomial truth-lie are weaved

En este trabajo se hace una aproximación entre las reflexiones de Nietzsche acerca de las verdades que creamos en nuestra búsqueda de certezas en las más diversas áreas del conocimiento y las ideas de Bion sobre la forma en que utilizamos la teoría para comprender lo que está sucediendo con nuestro paciente. A partir de ese paralelo, son tejidos algunos comentarios críticos sobre las diversas clases de afirmativas presentes en la práctica psicoanalítica y el papel del sueño y del arte en la convergencia entre los dos elementos del binomio verdad-mentira

A mentira contada em análise / The Lie Told in Psychoanalysis / La mentira contada en análisis

O presente artigo procura compreender a função da mentira contada em análise, bem como refletir sobre o manejo transferencial solicitado por tal tipo de relato, à luz da teoria psicanalítica freudiana. Com esses objetivos, efetuou-se um estudo sobre as realidades psíquica e material, a fantasia e a mentira, a fim de poder analisar a incidência do referido relato na clínica psicanalítica e como escutá-lo, desvinculando-o de um viés moralista e atrelado ao desejo. Pretende-se com este artigo esclarecer que, para a clínica, o aspecto da função do mentir que importa é sua forma e não seu conteúdo, além de propor um espaço benevolente para escutar, a partir da livre associação, o discurso mentiroso dos pacientes. Essas reflexões podem contribuir de forma significativa para o aprimoramento do fazer do analista na clínica psicanalítica.

This article intends to understand the role of a lie told in psychoanalysis, as well as reflect on the transferencial management requested by such type of report, in light of the Freudian psychoanalytical theory. With these objectives, a study was conducted about the psychic and material realities, the fantasy and the lie, so as to analyze the incidence of the referred report in the psychoanalytical practice and how to study it, detaching it from a bias that is moralist and connected to desire. This article intends to clarify that, for the practice, the aspect of the lie that matters is its form and not its content, as well as proposing a benevolent place to listen, from free association, to the untruthful discourse of the patients. These reflections can contribute in a significant manner to the improvement of the analyst's work in psychoanalytic practice.

El presente artículo trata de comprender la función de la mentira contada en análisis, bien como reflexionar sobre el manejo transferencial solicitado por tal tipo de relato, a la luz de la teoría psicoanalítica freudiana. Con esos objetivos, se efectuó un estudio sobre las realidades psíquica y material, la fantasía y la mentira, a fin de poder analizar la incidencia del referido relato en la clínica psicoanalítica y como escucharlo, desvinculándolo de un enfoque moralista y entrelazado con el deseo. Se pretende con este artículo esclarecer que, para la clínica, el aspecto de la función de mentir que importa es su forma y no su contenido, además de proponer un espacio benevolente para escuchar, a partir de la asociación libre, el discurso mentiroso de los pacientes. Estas reflexiones pueden contribuir de manera significativa para la mejora del hacer del analista en la clínica psicoanalítica.

Breve ensaio sobre a mentira / A short essay on lying / Breve ensayo sobre la mentira / Un bref essai sur le mensonge

Neste texto, aborda-se a mentira a partir do estudo de obras literárias, mitos, situações sociais e da clínica psicanalítica. Propõe-se uma classificação das mentiras utilizando o continuum narcisismo ↔ social-ismo. Discutem-se, em particular, a mentira narcísica e a mentira perversa, levantando-se hipóteses sobre sua dinâmica e suas funções nos grupos e na sociedade. Vinhetas clínicas mostram como a mentira consciente se articula com outras defesas, constituindo-se organizações narcísicas perversas, que buscam desumanizar o objeto e destruir a percepção da alteridade. As organizações defensivas protegem da desestruturação psicótica e da revivência de traumas primitivos. O sentimento de não existência é substituído por uma fachada de excitação perversa e fruição sádica. Objetos mentirosos, fraudulentos, suspeitos, não confiáveis revelam-se nas tramas encenadas no campo analítico. Conluios perversos entre os membros da dupla analítica podem não ser identificados, eventualmente ativando condutas não éticas do analista.

Based on studies of literary work, myths, social situations, and psychoanalytic practice, the author discusses lie. He proposes a classification of lies that uses the continuum of narcissism ↔ social-ism. The author writes especially about narcissistic lies and perverse lies, and he formulates hypothesis about their dynamics and functions in both groups and society. Clinical vignettes demonstrate how conscious lie relates to other defenses in order to form perverse narcissistic organizations which attempt to dehumanize the object and destroy the perception of alterity. Defensive organizations protect against psychotic disruption and against the revival of primary traumas. The feeling of not existing is replaced by a facade of perverse excitement and sadistic fruition. Objects, which are liars and fraudulent, suspicious, not reliable, show up in the storylines performed in the psychoanalytic field. A perverse collusion between the members of the analytic pair may not be identified, which may lead to an unethical behavior of the analyst.

Se discute la mentira a partir del estudio de obras literarias, mitos, situaciones sociales y de la clínica psicoanalítica. Se propone una clasificación de las mentiras utilizando el continuum narcisismo ↔ social-ismo. Se discuten, en particular, la mentira narcisista y la mentira perversa, efectuando hipótesis sobre su dinámica y funciones en los grupos y en la sociedad. Casos clínicos muestran como la mentira consciente se articula con otras defensas, constituyendo organizaciones narcisistas perversas que deshumanizan el objeto y destruyen la percepción de alteridad. Las organizaciones defensivas protegen de desestructuración psicótica y de revivir traumas primitivos. El sentimiento de inexistencia se sustituye por una fachada de excitación perversa y fruición sádica. Objetos mentirosos, fraudulentos, sospechosos, no confiables, se muestran en las tramas escenificadas en el campo analítico. Trucos perversos entre los miembros del par analítico pueden identificarse, activando eventualmente conductas no éticas del analista.

Le mensonge est analysé ayant pour base l'étude d'oeuvres littéraires, de mythes, de situations sociales et de la clinique psychanalytique. On propose une classification des mensonges en employant le continuum narcissisme ↔ social-isme. On discute, en particulier, le mensonge narcissique et le mensonge pervers, en faisant des hypothèses sur sa dynamique et ses fonctions dans les groupes et la société. Des vignettes cliniques démontrent comment le mensonge s'articule avec d'autres défenses en créant des organisations narcissiques perverses qui cherchent à déshumaniser l'objet et à détruire la perception de l'altérité. Les organisations défensives protègent de la déstructuration psychotique et de la reviviscence de traumas primitifs. Le sentiment de non-existence est remplacé par une façade d'excitation perverse et de jouissance sadique. Des objets mensongers, frauduleux, suspects, pas fiables se révèlent dans les trames mises en scène dans le champs analytique. Des complots pervers entre les membres du duo analytique peuvent ne pas être identifiés, en activant éventuellement des conduites de l'analyste qui ne sont pas éthiques.

La mentira, una reivindicación moral. De cómo la mentira es útil en un paciente en etapa terminal / The lie, a moral claim. How lying is useful in a terminally ill patient

Resumen: La mentira es considerada un antivalor moral, siempre tiene una connotación negativa. Sin embargo, su uso está muy extendido desde el punto de vista biológico como mecanismo de supervivencia y en el ser humano incluso desde el punto de vista de integración social. El autoengaño, considerado una manifestación suprema del uso humano de la mentira, tiene estrecha relación con la generación de optimismo y esperanza, las personas con problemas para integrar un autoengaño tienen con más frecuencia alteraciones patológicas en el estado de ánimo, sobre todo depresión. Este artículo analiza desde algunos puntos de vista ético-filosóficos las ventajas y desventajas del uso de la mentira para promover el autoengaño en pacientes con enfermedad terminal.

Abstract: The lie is considered a moral flaw, always has a negative connotation. Nevertheless its use is very extended from the biological point of view as mechanism of survival and in the human being, even from the point of view of social integration. Self-deception, considered a supreme manifestation of the human use of lies, is closely related to the generation of optimism and hope, people with problems to integrate self-deception have more frequently pathological alterations in mood, especially depression. The advantages and disadvantages of the use of lying to promote self-deception in patients with terminal illness are analyzed from some ethical-philosophical points of view.

Correlación cito-colpo-histológica en lesiones premalignas del cuello uterino en el Hospital Básico Píllaro en Ecuador / Cito-Colpo-Histological Correlation in Premalignant Cervical Lesions

Introducción: el cáncer cervicouterino es una de las amenazas más graves para la vida de las mujeres. Actualmente en el mundo lo padecen más de un millón de ellas. En Ecuador, ocupa el segundo lugar en incidencia y causa 1,2 por ciento de muertes anuales en el país. Su detección oportuna es posible gracias a la citología cervicovaginal que contribuye eficazmente a detectar lesiones precancerosas y disminuir significativamente el carcinoma del cuello uterino. El estudio de la paciente se complementa con colposcopia y toma de biopsia para aumentar la certeza diagnóstica. En algunos casos, no se ha observado una buena correlación diagnóstica. Objetivo: determinar la relación citocolpohistológica en pacientes atendidas con Papanicolaou alterado en consulta de Patología del Tracto Genital Inferior. Métodos: se revisaron 82 historias clínicas de pacientes atendidas con Papanicolaou alterado en la consulta de Patología del Tracto Genital Inferior en el Hospital Básico Píllaro de Ecuador desde abril de 2015 hasta abril de 2016. Resultados: del total de pacientes, 32,9 por ciento tenían entre 30 y 39 años de edad; 90,2 por ciento iniciaron sus relaciones sexuales durante la adolescencia. De ellas, 89 por ciento tuvo entre una y cinco parejas sexuales; 59,7 por ciento tuvo entre uno y tres partos. Existió un 21,4 por ciento de correlación cito-colposcópica en el diagnóstico de las lesiones intraepiteliales de bajo grado. La relación colpo-histológica mostró un 87,5 por ciento de coincidencias en las lesiones intraepiteliales de bajo grado y en las lesiones intraepiteliales de alto grado un 71,4 por ciento. Conclusiones: el inicio precoz de la actividad sexual, las múltiples parejas sexuales y la multiparidad continúan resaltando en la aparición de las lesiones premalignas del cuello uterino(AU)

Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the most serious threats to the lives of women. In the world today, more than a million of them suffer from it. In Ecuador, it ranks second in incidence and causes 1.2 percent of annual deaths in the country. Its timely detection is possible thanks to cervicovaginal cytology that contributes effectively to detecting precancerous lesions and significantly decreasing carcinoma of the cervix. The patient's study is complemented by colposcopy and biopsy to increase diagnostic certainty even when good diagnostic correlation has not been observed in some cases. Objective: Determine the cyto-colpo-histological relationship in patients treated due to altered Papanicolaou, in consultation of Pathology of the Lower Genital Tract in Píllaro Basic Hospital. Ecuador. Methods: In the present study, we reviewed 82 clinical records of patients treated with altered Papanicolaou in the Lower Genital Tract Pathology consultation at the Píllaro Basic Hospital, Ecuador from April 2015 to April 2016. Results: 32.9 percent of patients aged 30 to 39 years; 90.2 percent started sexual intercourse throughout adolescence. 89 percent had one to five sexual partners. 59.7 percent had one to three deliveries. There was 21.4 percent cyto-colposcopic correlation in the diagnosis of low-grade intraepithelial lesions (LSIL). The colpo-histological relationship showed 87.5 percent of coincidences in the LSIL and 71.4 percent. showed high-grade intraepithelial lesions (HSIL)(AU)

El Modelo de Crédito Parcial aplicado a la escala distorsión del Big Five Questionnaire

Se aplicó el Modelo de Crédito Parcial (MCP) de la Teoría de Respuesta al Ítem al análisis de ítems de la adaptación española escala Distorsión del Big Five Questionnaire. Esta escala evalúa la tendencia de los individuos a ofrecer un perfil distorsionado. Participaron 1592 adultos de población general (55% sexo femenino). El análisis de los datos se realizó con Winsteps. El ajuste del MCP fue adecuado para todos los ítems; no obstante, un porcentaje considerable de evaluados no presentó un patrón de respuestas acorde a las expectativas del modelo. Cinco ítems presentaron inversiones en el orden esperable para los valores estimados de parámetros de umbral. Los resultados revelaron las debilidades que presenta la escala y orientan sobre posibles modificaciones futuras.

The Partial Credit Model (PCM) of the Item Response Theory was applied to the Spanish Lie Scale adaptation of the Big Five Questionnaire. The scale measures individuals' tendency to provide a distorted profile. The sample comprised 1592 adults from the general population (55% females). All analyses were performed by means of Winsteps software. The PCM exhibited satisfactory goodness-of-fit for all items. However, a considerable proportion of respondents had incongruent response patterns which were not in agreement with the model's expectations. Five items presented inversions in the order expected for the estimated values of threshold parameters. These findings show the scale weaknesses and yield useful information to guide possible changes in future research.

O outro que não existe: verdade verídica, verdades mentirosas e desmentidos veementes / The other that does not exist: of the true truth, lying truths and vehement denials

O sintoma estruturado pelo par castração-inconsciente não é mais a configuração que prevalece na regulação da economia psíquica contemporânea mas o par sinthoma-pedestal. Na contemporaneidade, em lugar de uma economia psíquica kantiana fundada na renúncia ao gozo em benefício do soberano bem, vivemos sob o imperativo sadiano do gozo. Há uma prevalência do desmentido banalizado (Verleugnung) da função do Nome-do-Pai, que sustenta o lugar de agente da castração na fantasia neurótica. O sujeito redefinido pela psicanálise de orientação lacaniana como um corpo falante está mais liberado das amarras do recalque e se mostra pouco disposto ou capaz de sublimar suas pulsões.

The symptom structured by the duo castration-unconscious is no longer the configuration that prevails in the regulation of the contemporary psychic economy, but the duo sinthome-pedestal. In contemporary times, in place of a psychic Kantian economy based on the waiving of jouissance for the benefit of the sovereign good, we live under the Sadian imperative of jouissance. There is a prevalence of trivialized retraction (Verleugnung) of the function of The Name of the Father that holds the place of the agent of castration in neurotic fantasy. The subject redefined by the psychoanalysis of Lacanian orientation as a speaking body is more released from the bonds of repression and feels unwilling or unable to sublimate his drives.

Efectos de la Mentira en el Contexto Laboral: Pérdida de Confianza y Experiencia Emocional Negativa / Effects of the Lie in the Work Context: Loss of Trust and Negative Emotional Experience / Efeitos da Mentira no Contexto Corporativo: Perda de Confiança e Experiência Emocional Negativa

En este estudio se analizan los efectos del objetivo de la mentira sobre la confianza en quien miente, y sobre la respuesta emocional de quien la detecta, en el entorno laboral. Los resultados muestran que cuando la mentira tiene como objetivo favorecer al emisor haciendo daño a otras personas, se expresa menor confianza hacia quien miente, que cuando la mentira busca el beneficio propio, sin hacer daño a otros (2.17 vs. 3.72, d=-1.55, p<.001). Asimismo, cuando la mentira ocasiona daño a otros, provoca respuestas emocionales negativas de mayor intensidad, especialmente de decepción (t=27.95, p<.001) y de tristeza (t=13.60, p<.001). Se concluye que la experiencia emocional podría explicar la pérdida de confianza debida a mentiras cuyo objetivo es beneficiar al mentiroso.

This study analyzes the effects of the purpose of the lie on the trust in those who lie and on the emotional response of those who detect it, in the work environment. The results show that when lying aims to favor the liar and does damage to others, less trust is expressed in the liar than when the lie aims for self-benefit without doing damage to others (2.17 vs. 3.72, d=-1.55, p<.001). Also, when the lie causes damage to others, it produces negative emotional responses of greater intensity, especially disappointment (t=27.95, p<.001) and sadness (t=13.60, p<.001). The study concludes that the emotional experience could explain the loss of trust due to lies which aim to benefit the liar.

Neste estudo, analisam-se os efeitos do objetivo da mentira sobre a confiança em quem mente e sobre a resposta emocional de quem a detecta, no contexto corporativo. Os resultados mostram que, quando a mentira tem como objetivo favorecer o emissor, prejudicando outras pessoas, expressa-se menor confiança a quem mente do que quando a mentira busca o benefício próprio, sem prejudicar outros (2.17 vs. 3.72, d=-1.55, p<.001). Além disso, quando a mentira provoca danos a outros, provoca respostas emocionais negativas de maior intensidade, especialmente de decepção (t=27.95, p<.001) e de tristeza (t=13.60, p<.001). Conclui-se que a experiência emocional poderia explicar a perda de confiança devido a mentiras, cujo objetivo é beneficiar o mentiroso.

Analista desconcertado: caminho de um pensador da Psicanálise / The disconcerted psychoanalyst: a psychoanalytic thinker's path / El analista desconcertado: camino de un pensador del Psicoanálisis

Partindo do tema deste número da RBP, o analista desconcertado, a autora localiza na obra de Fabio Herrmann a descrição de um relato clínico em que o analista comete um erro técnico. Toma-o como exemplo de desconcerto de Herrmann na situação clínica e, recorrendo ao próprio texto de Herrmann, compõe um metatexto de citações para mostrar o caminho da construção, por Herrmann, de dois conceitos - erro necessário e mentira original - que, em sua conjugação, armam o caminho para a reflexão de Herrmann sobre o originário do nascimento do humano no homem e na cultura.

Based on the theme of this number of the RBP, the disconcerted psychoanalyst, the author highlights a clinical vignette in Fabio Herrmann's work, in which the psychoanalyst made a technical mistake. In this paper, the author considers that mistake an example of Herrmann's disconcertment in a clinical situation. By using Herrmann's own writing, the author produces a meta-text of quotations in order to demonstrate Herrmann's steps towards building two concepts: the necessary error and the original lie. The combination of those concepts enabled Herrmann to reflect on the origin of the human side in mankind and culture.

Partiendo del tema de este número de la RBP, el analista desconcertado, la autora encuentra en la obra de Fabio Herrmann la descripción de un relato clínico en el cual el analista comete un error técnico. Toma dicho relato como ejemplo de desconcierto de Herrmann en la situación clínica y, usando el propio texto de Herrmann, construye un metatexto de citas para mostrar el camino de la construcción de dos conceptos - error necesario y mentira original - que conjugados arman el camino para la reflexión de Herrmann sobre el origen del nacimiento de lo humano en el hombre y en la cultura.

The impact of different body posture and bed time on the headache of lumbar puncture: a Meta-analysis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To compare the effect of different body position and length of bed time after lumbar puncture on the postoperative headache.Methods Literatures were searched at home and abroad through the database,and provided comprehensive quantitative analysis to compare the effect of different body position and length of bed time after lumbar puncture on the postoperative headache by the Cochrane collaboration Meta-analysis.Results A total of 20 studies (3 514 patients) were included for Meta-analysis.Mter lumbar puncture for the low supine pillow and the pillow recumbent position,headache incidence rate had no significant difference between the two positions,combined odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence intervals were 0.87 (0.41-1.87)(P＞ 0.05);After lumbar puncture to stay in bed for a long time to rest (≥ 4 h) and short time in bed rest (＜1 h),headache incidence rate had no significant difference between the two different time,the combined odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence intervals were 0.77 (0.58-1.02)(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions After lumbar puncture,the occurrence rate of headache is not increased after taking a low pillow lying position or a short time in bed rest (＜1 h).

Clinical analysis of the lie delivery in promoting natural delivery functionsmothly / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the effect of lie delivery in promoting natural delivery functionsmoothly.Methods One hundred and sixty pregnant women hospitalized and deliveried in the Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Shijiazhuang from June 2013 to June 2014 were randomly divided into observation group of lie delivery and control group of bladder lithotomy postion delivery,80 cases in each group,The second stage of labor time,postpartum hemorrhage (2 h ＞ 500 ml),postpartum comfort and neonatal asphyxia (Apgar score ≤ 7 points) of two groups were observed and compared.Results The second stage of labor time of observation group was significantly shorter than that of the control group taking lithotomy position childbirth,and thepostpartum hemorrhage (2.5％ vs 7.5％;x2 =3.247,P=0.034),cervical laceration(3.75％ vs 21.25％;x2 =4.657,P=0.047) and the incidence of postpartumdiscomfort incidence(16.25％ vs 50.0％;x2 =18.357,P =0.008) were less than that in the control group,the differences between two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Fetal distress (2.50％ vs 8.75％;x2 =4.672,P =0.030),neonatal asphyxia rate(1.25％ vs 7.50％;x2 =4.142,P =0.035) of two groups have statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The parturient labor process in lying position to take,can effectively shorten the birth process,reduce the incidence of fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia.